Resources
Resources
In partnership with countries around the world, we have developed hundreds of resources to help strengthen the foundations of health systems. Please search our Resources to learn more about our publications, research, programmatic approaches, tools, and learnings.


Strengthening Supply Chain and Pharmaceutical Systems for Sustained Health Impact
For more than three decades, Management Sciences for Health (MSH) has partnered with countries to build high-performing supply chains that ensure reliable access to safe, effective, quality-assured medicines and people-centered pharmaceutical services. MSH takes a holistic approach that fosters country-led innovation, whole-of-society engagement and collaboration, private-sector engagement, and effective leadership and governance. This ensures both reliable, affordable access to and sustainable delivery of medical products when and where they are needed and their appropriate use to save lives and improve health.
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A High Burden of Infectious Tuberculosis Cases Among Older Children and Young Adolescents of the Female Gender in Ethiopia
A look at the burden of TB among older children and young adolescent females in Ethiopia and recommendations for improving health systems and strategi…
Designing tuberculosis elimination framework through participatory processes in Ethiopia: Results from stakeholders’ discussions
Antimicrobial use in a pediatric hospital in Kenya: a point prevalence survey to inform antimicrobial stewardship
Increasing Access to Subsidized Artemisinin-Based Combination Therapy through Accredited Drug Dispensing Outlets in Tanzania
In Tanzania, many people seek malaria treatment from retail drug sellers. The National Malaria Control Program identified the accredited drug dispensi…
Understanding the Role of Accredited Drug Dispensing Outlets in Tanzania’s Health System
In Tanzania, a public-private partnership launched in 2003 used an accreditation approach to improve access to quality medicines and pharmaceutical…
Engaging the Private Sector to Improve Antimicrobial Use in the Community: Experience from Accredited Drug Dispensing Outlets in Tanzania
A public-private partnership in Tanzania launched the accredited drug dispensing outlet (ADDO) program to improve access to quality medicines and p…
Accrediting Retail Drug Shops to Strengthen Tanzania’s Public Health System: An ADDO Case Study
In 2003, we worked with Tanzania’s Ministry of Health and Social Welfare to develop a public-private partnership based on a holistic approach…
What Motivates Antibiotic Dispensing in Accredited Drug Dispensing Outlets in Tanzania? A Qualitative Study
Tanzania introduced the accredited drug dispensing outlet (ADDO) program more than a decade ago. Previous evaluations have generally sho…
The Quality of Selected Essential Medicines Sold in Accredited Drug Dispensing Outlets and Pharmacies in Tanzania
The purpose of this study was to investigate the quality of a select group of medicines sold in accredited drug dispensing outlets (ADDOs) and phar…
Mystery Shopping in Community Drug Shops: Research as Development in Rural Tanzania
Abstract Background Throughout Africa, the private sector plays an important role in malaria treatment complementing formal health services. However t…
What roles do accredited drug dispensing outlets in Tanzania play in facilitating access to antimicrobials? Results of a multi-method analysis
People in low-income countries purchase a high proportion of antimicrobials from retail drug shops, both with and without a prescription…
Can Formalizing Links among Community Health Workers, Accredited Drug Dispensing Outlet Dispensers, and Health Facility Staff Increase Their Collaboration to Improve Prompt Access to Maternal and Child Care? A Qualitative Study in Tanzania
An intervention brought together community health workers, health facility staff, and accredited drug dispensing outlet (ADDO) dispensers to …
Improvements in Access to Malaria Treatment in Tanzania after Switch to Artemisinin Combination Therapy and the Introduction of Accredited Drug Dispensing Outlets: A Provider Perspective
Abstract Background To improve access to treatment in the private retail sector a new class of outlets known as accredited drug dispensing outlets (AD…
Creating a New Class of Pharmaceutical Services Provider for Underserved Areas: The Tanzania Accredited Drug Dispensing Outlet Experience
Abstract The Problem In developing countries, the most accessible source of treatment for common conditions is often an informal drug shop, where drug…
National Health Insurance Fund’s Relationship to Retail Drug Outlets: A Tanzania Case Study
As many low- and middle-income countries launch prepayment schemes to achieve universal health coverage, few are covering products from retail drug…