Pandemic Preparedness and Response

A community health volunteer picking up supplies during a seasonal malaria chemoprevention campaign

Our COVID-19 Solutions: Pandemic Preparedness, Response, and Recovery

MSH offers a full range of COVID-19 solutions based on our decades of experience supporting country responses to HIV, tuberculosis, Ebola, avian flu, and other public health emergencies. We focus on policy, regulation, coordination, and implementation planning; costing, procurement, supply chain, and logistics; vaccine introduction; safety monitoring; risk communication; and safe vaccine service delivery at the national, local, and facility levels. Our approach to Pandemic Preparedness and Response focuses on improving local readiness and agency. We also advocate for and support investments in primary health care systems and policies that advance universal health coverage and engage governments and communities to demand greater accountability.

Prioritizing Local Readiness

While the science and know-how to detect outbreaks exist, adequate leadership and coordination for pandemic preparedness and response remain a major challenge. Diseases start and spread at the household and community levels, so it is vital for local communities to have the tools and culture—maintained through training, drills, supply maintenance, and ongoing review even during non-event periods—to prevent the spread.   

By integrating pandemic preparedness with all health systems functions, we support our country partners in fostering a state of constant readiness and local agency, equipping local leaders, communities, and health care providers with the knowledge, skills, and plans to take immediate action. Our programs build capacity at all levels of a health system to: 

  • Strengthen disease surveillance systems 
  • Reinforce strong national public health systems and workforces  
  • Introduce and scale new tools to prevent and control infectious diseases 
  • Support local leadership in fostering a state of constant readiness even if help isn’t available right away from national or international levels 

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The Road to a Chikungunya Vaccine: Accelerating Solutions to Addressing Health Threats Posed by Climate Change

Chikungunya, a mosquito-borne viral disease, is a growing global threat. As climate change continues to intensify the effects of vector-borne diseases like chikungunya, the global community will need a comprehensive understanding of the disease burden and intervention landscape to inform how to most effectively accelerate response efforts. 

Our Response to COVID-19

Since COVID-19 emerged in early 2020, MSH—working through a range of global, regional, and bilateral projects—has supported 27 countries in effectively maintaining essential health services and confronting immediate pandemic challenges and underlying systemic weaknesses drawing on our experience supporting country responses to HIV, tuberculosis, Ebola, avian flu, pneumonic plague, cholera epidemics, and other public health emergencies since 1971. Between 2021 and 2022, our teams supported the COVID-19 vaccine introduction in 17 countries.

Raian Amzad in the Control Room. Photo credit: MSH
In Bangladesh, MSH supported the rapid establishment of a National Control Room for COVID-19 and helped coordinate commodity logistics, community outreach, and risk communication. Through our MTaPS work, we developed and rolled out a COVID-19 electronic logistics information management system to monitor stock status of emergency commodities in real time, across all warehouses and service delivery points.

MSH launched our team-based Leading and Managing for Results in Pandemics experiential learning program in Uganda, and is supporting its use in Bangladesh, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, Peru, and Rwanda to enhance the capacity of teams involved in emergency preparedness, response, and recovery efforts.  
A call center employee at work.
In Madagascar, a national COVID-19 hotline—developed with MSH support and training—scaled up in just 3 months to handle 145,000 calls per day. We also supported trusted community leaders in advocating for healthy behaviors, dispelling rumors and false information, and supporting adoption of COVID-19 prevention measures. 

In Malawi, our COVID-19 awareness activities—including local radio broadcasts and community dialogues—reached more than 2.3 million people. In Haiti, we reached nearly 1.5 million people with similar awareness-raising campaigns over a two-month period. 
COVID-19 vaccine vials
In Afghanistan, an MSH-supported vaccination campaign made up of 35 mobile teams and 125 mass vaccination sites administered nearly 5 million doses across five cities.

Our MTaPS program supported 11 countries to strengthen critical functions such as improving commodity management; developing more than 60 policies, protocols, standards and guidelines for effective COVID-19 vaccine deployment; and training more than 5,000 people on COVID-19 vaccine-related topics.

In Uganda,when COVID-19 hit, local authorities relied on a robust electronic information system to mount a coordinated and effective local response that ensured adequate amounts of gloves, masks, and other personal protective equipment and a steady supply of essential health commodities wherever they were needed.
 
In Benin, MSH helped plan and execute a COVID-19 vaccination campaign that resulted in 428,000 people being fully immunized over a period of six weeks. We are also helping the Ministry of Health digitize its immunization management system and training staff on its use. 
USAID MTaPS_Program has helped to identify and manage COVID-19 vaccination activities
Working with 13 partner countries to implement end-to-end infection prevention and control (IPC) practices, MTaPS trained more than 44,000 workers on COVID-19-related IPC practices and supported more than 5,000 facilities for IPC and quality health care access.

In the Philippines, through our MTaPS program, we trained more than 14,000 health workers from public and private facilities by using a virtual platform, so that health workers received the necessary information on IPC, health care waste management, and emergency supply chain management. 
Community Health Volunteer Tsiraiky Abotono receives on-site supervision by the head his of health center
In Madagascar, community health workers with smartphones fed COVID-19 patient data directly into an integrated national disease surveillance system that also included malaria, measles, and pneumonic plague. 

In Afghanistan, Benin, Madagascar, and Pakistan, we worked with community stakeholders and local governance structures to establish epidemic early warning systems, building on experience creating effective district-level Ebola surveillance systems in Côte d’Ivoire in 2015-17. 
Pharmaceutical warehouse in the Philippines.
MSH supported Bangladesh, Benin, Jordan, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mozambique, and the Philippines in strengthening emergency supply chain management during the pandemic. In Uganda, MSH supported all 135 districts in activating district response teams and building their capacity to use digital supply chain data to manage emergency supply needs.

We aided Ukraine in contracting a third-party logistics provider to warehouse and distribute COVID-19 vaccines, supporting delivery and administration of 1.2 million doses in just 6 months.  

Advocating for Global Health Security during COVID-19

MSH works on its own and in collaboration with global non-profits, academic organizations, and the private sector to educate policymakers on the importance of funding global health security, and COVID-19 response in particular. We frequently communicate to the media about COVID-19 and the importance of health systems strengthening to prevent and contain infectious diseases. Outlets for recent contributions and appearances include The Guardian, The Washington Post, Forbes, Health Policy Watch, The Hill, Scientific American, Supply Chain Brain, The Wall Street Journal, DEVEX, Global Health NOWNext Billion, STAT, Daily Trust, Think Global Health and Knowable Magazine. 

As the coronavirus pandemic reached Guatemala, the Strengthening Antenatal Care for Indigenous Women in Guatemala Project had to adapt to lockdowns and social distancing measures. Learn about some of the strategies employed to support health facilities and midwives to maintain continuous antenatal care services throughout the pandemic.
COVID-19 is not the first epidemic to hit Madagascar. The country has experienced several plague outbreaks, a measles outbreak, and even a polio outbreak within the last 5 years. USAID’s flagship program, ACCESS, works in close collaboration with Madagascar’s Ministry of Public Health to respond to these outbreaks and foster epidemic preparedness and response activities at all levels of the health system, efforts which have become even more crucial in the fight against COVID-19.